Class 6 Science Chapter: Fibre to Fabric Notes and Questions Answers
Fibre to Fabric - Notes
Introduction
Fibre and fabric are an essential part of our daily life. The clothes we wear, bedsheets, curtains, and even mats are made of different types of fabrics. To understand fabrics, we first need to know about fibres, which are the basic raw materials. Fibres are thin, thread-like structures that are spun into yarn and then woven or knitted into fabric.
Types of Fibres
Fibres are mainly of two types:
1. Natural Fibres: Obtained from plants and animals. Examples include cotton, jute, silk, and wool.
2. Synthetic Fibres: Man-made fibres produced by chemical processes. Examples include nylon, polyester, and acrylic.
Plant Fibres
Some important plant fibres are:
- Cotton: Grown in black soil and warm climate. The cotton bolls burst to release white fluffy fibres.
- Jute: Obtained from the stem of the jute plant. It is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam. The harvested stem is soaked in water to separate fibres, a process called retting.
Animal Fibres
Two important animal fibres are wool and silk.
- Wool: Obtained from the fleece (hair) of animals like sheep, goat, yak, camel, and rabbit.
- Silk: Obtained from the cocoon of the silk moth. The process of obtaining silk is called sericulture. The cocoon is boiled, and silk fibres are reeled to make silk threads.
Processes Involved
1. Shearing: Removal of fleece from sheep.
2. Scouring: Cleaning wool to remove dirt and grease.
3. Sorting: Separating fibres according to texture and quality.
4. Carding: Combing fibres to remove tangles.
5. Spinning: Converting fibres into yarn.
6. Weaving and Knitting: Making fabrics from yarn.
Silk Production
Silk production involves:
- Rearing silk moths.
- Collecting cocoons.
- Boiling cocoons to obtain long silk fibres.
- Spinning silk fibres into yarn and weaving into fabric.
Importance of Fibres
Fibres are important because they provide us with clothing and other useful materials. Natural fibres are comfortable and breathable, while synthetic fibres are durable and wrinkle-resistant.
Key Notes
- Fibre → Yarn → Fabric
- Natural fibres: Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk
- Synthetic fibres: Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic
- Wool is obtained from fleece of sheep and other animals
- Silk is obtained from silk moth cocoon
- Cotton grows best in black soil with warm climate
- Jute is obtained from stem of the plant after retting
Fibre to Fabric - Questions and Answers
MCQs (7)
- Which of the following is a natural fibre?
a) Nylon
b) Polyester
c) Cotton
d) Acrylic
Answer: c) Cotton - Wool is obtained from:
a) Cotton plant
b) Fleece of sheep
c) Silk moth
d) Jute stem
Answer: b) Fleece of sheep - Jute fibres are obtained from:
a) Seeds
b) Stem
c) Leaves
d) Flowers
Answer: b) Stem - The process of removing fleece from sheep is called:
a) Scouring
b) Sorting
c) Shearing
d) Carding
Answer: c) Shearing - Silk fibres are obtained from:
a) Wool
b) Cocoon of silk moth
c) Cotton bolls
d) Jute stem
Answer: b) Cocoon of silk moth - Which of these is a synthetic fibre?
a) Jute
b) Nylon
c) Silk
d) Wool
Answer: b) Nylon - The process of combing fibres to remove tangles is called:
a) Carding
b) Sorting
c) Weaving
d) Scouring
Answer: a) Carding
Very Short Answer Questions (7)
- Name two plant fibres.
Answer: Cotton and Jute. - From where do we obtain silk?
Answer: From the cocoon of the silk moth. - What is sericulture?
Answer: The rearing of silkworms for silk production. - Which part of jute plant gives us fibre?
Answer: The stem. - Name one fibre obtained from camel.
Answer: Wool. - What is the process of removing wool from sheep called?
Answer: Shearing. - Give one example of synthetic fibre.
Answer: Polyester.
Short Answer Questions (7)
- Differentiate between natural and synthetic fibres.
Answer: Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals (e.g., cotton, wool, silk). Synthetic fibres are man-made from chemicals (e.g., nylon, polyester). - How is cotton obtained from plants?
Answer: Cotton grows in bolls on cotton plants. When bolls burst, fluffy fibres are collected and separated from seeds by ginning. - What is ginning of cotton?
Answer: The process of separating cotton fibres from seeds. - Write two uses of jute fibre.
Answer: Jute is used for making gunny bags, ropes, and mats. - How is wool processed after shearing?
Answer: Wool is scoured, sorted, carded, spun into yarn, and then woven or knitted. - Why is silk considered a costly fibre?
Answer: Because the process of rearing silkworms and extracting silk is laborious and time-consuming. - Which states in India are famous for jute production?
Answer: West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Odisha.
Long Answer Questions (7)
- Explain the process of obtaining wool from sheep.
Answer: The process involves shearing fleece, scouring to clean, sorting based on quality, carding to remove tangles, spinning into yarn, and finally weaving or knitting into woollen fabric. - Describe the steps involved in silk production.
Answer: Silk moths lay eggs, which hatch into larvae (silkworms). Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves and spin cocoons. The cocoons are boiled, and silk fibres are reeled. These are spun into yarn and woven into silk fabric. - What are the differences between cotton and jute fibres?
Answer: Cotton is obtained from the fruit (boll) of cotton plants, while jute is obtained from the stem. Cotton is soft and used for clothes, while jute is coarse and used for bags, ropes, and mats. - Write a note on the importance of fibres in our daily life.
Answer: Fibres provide us with clothing, mats, ropes, curtains, and other household items. Natural fibres are eco-friendly and breathable, while synthetic fibres are durable and easy to maintain. - Explain the process of converting fibres into fabric.
Answer: Fibres are first spun into yarn through spinning. Yarns are then woven or knitted to make fabric. Weaving is interlacing yarns at right angles, while knitting is making loops with yarns. - What are the health and safety measures to be taken during wool production?
Answer: Workers should wear gloves and masks, wash hands properly, and maintain hygiene to avoid diseases like anthrax from infected wool. - Discuss the role of India in jute and silk production.
Answer: India is one of the largest producers of jute and silk in the world. States like West Bengal and Assam are leading jute producers, while Karnataka, Assam, and West Bengal are famous for silk production.
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